Contemporary Europe, 2013 (vol. 2013), issue 3

Editorial

Jan Sýkora

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):3-7  

Editorial for Special Issue, No. 3, 2013.

Srovnání otevřenosti trhů Brazílie, Ruska, Indie a Číny a zemí střední a východní Evropy

Comparison of Market Openness of Brazil, Russia, India and China and of the Central and Eastern European Countries

Ilya Bolotov, Kateřina Gajdušková

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):9-34  

The article compares the market openness of Brazil, Russia, India and China with the one of the Central and Eastern European countries. The comparison is performed in relative terms in the form of a basic/visual examination of openness to foreign trade and investment and as an identification of openness determinants with the help of a fixed effects panel cointegration regression model. The article shows that Brazil, Russia, India and China are less open economies with different factors influencing their openness indicators, but a more homogeneous group than the countries of the Central and Eastern Europe. The article adds to the Europe-Asia comparisons...

Patentová ochrana evropských vynálezů na léčiva v Indii

Patent Protection of European Pharmaceutical Innovations in India

Ludmila Štěrbová, Kamila Trojanová

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):35-54  

India is a very important target market for European investors, including those from pharmaceutical industry, namely due to its production and sales opportunities. Production of pharmaceuticals and trade with them have some specific features that develop namely from the system of patent protection and enforcement and from the health system of individual countries. Indian legal system is in the field of intellectual property rights relatively complex and has important differences, including those in implementation of the TRIPS Agreement of the WTO. The goal of the future free trade agreement between India and EU is to negotiate the same level of the...

Zhodnocení pokroku Asijsko-evropského setkání 2010-2012

Evaluation of the Progress of the Asia-Europe Meeting 2010-2012

Vladimír Beroun

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):55-73  

With reference to current intensive Eurasian economic cooperation and deepening interregionalism, the core topic of this article is the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) and its current development. The author investigates to what extent the Asia-Europe Meeting has made progress in formulating its goals and priorities. As the related literature concerning the state of evolution is divided and focuses mainly on the future position of actors, the author conducts an elementary comparative qualitative analysis of the Final Chair's Statements of the last two summits (ASEM8 of 2010 and ASEM9 of 2012). The author attempts to uncover whether there has been progress...

Evropská unie a Japonsko: politická ekonomie dohody o volném obchodu

European Union and Japan: Political Economy of Free Trade Agreement

Pavel Hnát, Zuzana Stuchlíková

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):75-95  

The European Union is currently negotiating ambitious free trade agreement with Japan, even though it long hesitated to launch such a negotiation. This article aims at analysing deeper changes in the EU's commercial policy that enabled today's interest in deeper and more complex regional trade agreements with the EU's most developed trading partners. These changes are presented on the case of Japan. The authors are trying to answer the question whether the agreement with Japan viable and whether it reflects the new EU's strategy towards other major players of the global economy. Based on the analysis of crucial agreements and strategic papers of the...

Špecifické črty intenzifikácie čínsko-európskeho strategického partnerstva

Experiences and Perspectives of the Sino-European Partnership

Barbora Hradňanská, Peter Terem

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):97-111  

The relations between the European Union and the People's Republic of China have their long-term historical tradition. Nevertheless, relations between the two actors began to develop more intensively during the last decade. At present it is necessary to perceive the relationship between the PRC and EU in the context of changes in the global balance of power. The PRC and the EU have become major players in terms of international activities. Despite the different world the PRC and the EU represent, their cooperation covers a number of areas ranging from economic and commerciala ctivities and development to cooperation in the field of climate changes...

Regulace Solvency II a její implikace pro asijské pojistné trhy

Solvency II and its Implications for Asian Insurance Markets

Tomáš Šťastný, Tomáš Čech

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):113-130  

Solvency II is the most important regulatory effort for European insurance market in last several decades. The goal of the article is to bring structured and analytical view on the current regulation in the European Economical Area (EEA) and on particular Asian Economical Areas. Therefore the main accent is put on the comparison of regulatory development and best practice approach in these areas. Some of the Asian subsidiaries of the European insurance companies were involved in the Quantitative Impact Studies (QIS) and specific risk indicators were broadly discussed by participants on the Asian insurance markets. However, taking into account the variety...

Energetická (ne)soběstačnost Evropská unie versus Čína

Energy Self-sufficiency (or not) of the EU versus China

Milan Vošta

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):131-146  

The European Union and China have available to them on their respective territory, or dependencies, limited energy sources which can, in individual cases, satisfy domestic demand. However, it is necessary to import a large part of the primary energy for domestic consumption. Domestic energy capacities are not the most important factors which influence the EU's and China's current situations. The composition of the energy mix is just as important, as are the energy resources available to neighbouring and distant trade partners; the technological development, character and phase of growth of their economies and their approach to the environment. The...

Změny na asijských trzích - výzva pro evropské firmy

Changes on Asian Markets - Challenge for European Companies

Miroslava Zamykalová, Soňa Gullová

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):147-161  

If consumer businesses in Asia are to meet the chalenge, they will have to fundamentally change the way they think about strategy, operations, organization and marketing. As the world witnesses profound changes to the traditional model of global finance, some Asian countries have proven extraordinarily resilient. Global recession has forced companies and entrepreneurs to contemplate new ways of expanding trade and increase consumption in foreign markets. Asia's emerging economies are leading the world out of recession and the region's consumers are taking the baton from their counterparts in developed countries. Even the most sophisticated multinationals...

Evropské banky v Číně: nelehký růst navzdory dynamickém trhu

European Banks in China: Complicated Growth despite Market Dynamism

Jan Dobrovolský

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):163-187  

Current market share of European and other foreign banks in general in China is nothing else but marginal. The reasons for it are the industry regulation, the strenght of the Chinese competition and the small effort by foreign banks themselves. The European banks achieved a leading position among foreign banks, their combined market share is however well below 1%. In the near future there are no signs of any change both for European and other foreign banks. That is mainly because of their low interest to carry out local incorporation as well as reduced investments of already incorporated banks.

Strukturální snižování daní pro uskutečňování vícenásobných cílů v Číně

Structural Tax Reduction for Realization of Multi-Targets in China

Peiyong Gao, Qingping Meng

Současná Evropa 2013, 2013(3):189-199  

Under the background of global economy's continuous fluctuating, China's economy is expected to experience slowdown of economic growth or long-term fluctuation. The macro-economic policies with constraint of current situation must focus on stabilizing economic growth, adjusting economic structure and curbing inflation. And the major clue to meet these targets is to implement structural tax reduction. This paper analyzes the justification and potential for Chinese government to introduce structural tax reduction policies. A proposal of identifying the appropriate amount of tax reduction and concentrating on VAT reduction which contributes to the main...