Současná Evropa 2009, 2009(1):53-69

Obchod se službami a vybrané teorie mezinárodního obchodu: úvodní analýza

Kateřina Joklová

Z dosavadních studií plyne, že specifické vlastnosti služeb neznamenají zásadní překážku pro aplikaci teorií mezinárodního obchodu. Zatím neexistuje propracovaný postup, který by potvrdil, že teorie vycházející z komparativních výhod či specializace v důsledku rostoucích výnosů u služeb použít nelze. Stejný závěr můžeme učinit rovněž s přihlédnutím k bariérám obchodu uvaleným státy na poskytování služeb různými způsoby. Zdůrazněme však, že většina teorií vypracovaných na zjednodušeném teoretickém základě nepokrývá poskytování služeb prostřednictvím založení obchodní přítomnosti v druhém státu. Tento stručný přehled představuje pouze úvodní úvahu k tématu a slouží k vyprovokování diskuse o možných limitech použitelnosti konvečních teorií na obchod se službami.

Keywords: Komparativní výhody, obchod se službami, bariéry obchodu se službami, aglomerační efekt, efekt tržního výklenku

Trade in Services and Selected Theories of International Trade: Opening Analysis

Based on studies we have at disposal we can conclude that specific features of services do not prevent us from the application of international trade theories to services.
Consideration of barriers to trade in services implied by states both outside and inside the European Union does not provide for changes in this conclusion either.
This means that trade in services may be explained by different level of production costs and costs of provision or by gains from specialization arising from increasing returns of scale or agglomeration effects.
This brief overview should be regarded as the very introduction into the topic and is intended to provoke a discussion about possible limitations of applicability of international trade theories to trade in services. The whole range of issues related to services trade and corresponding theory is in our opinion covered in the most complex way in A Handbook of International Trade in Services by Aaditya Mattoo, Lead Economist in the Development Research Group of the World Bank.

Keywords: Comparative Advantage, Trade in Services, Barriers to Trade in Services, Agglomeration Effect, Market-niche Effect

Published: June 1, 2009  Show citation

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Joklová, K. (2009). Trade in Services and Selected Theories of International Trade: Opening Analysis. Contemporary Europe, 2009(1), 53-69
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